静电纺丝制备聚丙烯腈纳米纤维及其预氧化

Preparation and oxidative stabilization of polyacrylonitrile nanofibers obtained by electrospinning

利用聚丙烯腈/二甲基甲酰胺纺丝溶液由静电纺丝制备了聚丙烯腈纳米纤维,纳米纤维的直径在220～760 nm。随着聚合物溶液浓度和纺丝施加电压的升高,纳米纤维的直径变大。采用热分析和热重分析研究了纳米纤维的热性能,还用红外光谱对纳米纤维预氧化过程分子化学结构的变化进行了表征,结果表明,纳米纤维有一个很尖锐的放热峰,是聚丙烯腈均聚物典型的放热峰。随着预氧化温度的升高,纤维的内部分子结构发生了变化,表现在红外光谱上最突出的是C≡N在2243～2241 cm^(-1)峰的降低,以及C—H在1684 cm^(-1)峰的降低。

Ultrafine polyacrylonitrile （PAN） fibers, as a precursor of carbon nanofibers, with diameters in the range of 220- 760 nm were obtained by eleetrospinning of PAN solution using N, N-dimethyl formamide （DMF） as solvent. Morphology of the nanofibers for varying concentration and applied voltage was investigated by field emission scanning electron microscopy （FESEM）. The thermal properties and structural changes during the oxidative stabilization process were primarily investigated by differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）, thermogravimetrie analysis （TGA）, and Fourier transform infrared （FT-IR） spectroscopy.