江西省0～17岁儿童交通伤害研究

Study on traffic induced injuries in children aged 0-17 years in Jiangxi province

目的探讨江西省0～17岁儿童交通伤害发生情况、发生机制及其相应的疾病负担。方法利用PPS抽样在江西省的住户中抽取约10万户进行人户调查，对样本户中的儿童进行交通伤害问卷调查。结果江西省0～17岁儿童交通伤害死亡率为10．17／10万，病死率为1．36％；非致死性交通伤害发生率为7．40‰，其中男童发生率为8．299‰，女童为6．269‰；重度交通伤害发生率为1．799‰，其中城市儿童发生率为0．939‰，农村儿童为1．889‰，城乡重度伤害发生率之间差异有统计学意义。交通伤害发生时伤者主要是行人和骑自行车者，占总伤者的80．48％；平均每例交通伤害者的医疗费用为1369．57元，平均住院天数为3．63，平均休工（学）天数为8．79。结论江西省农村地区的交通重度伤害发生率高于城市地区；男童的伤害发生率、死亡率均高于女童；交通伤害的疾病负担较重。

Objective To explore the morbidity, mortality, and disease burden of traffic injury in children aged 0-17 years so as to develop a related strategy on prevention. Methods 100 000 households were selected by PPS sampling method in Jiangxi province. All children aged 0-17 years in selected households were interviewed by trained interviewers using a standardized ＇traffic injury questionnaire＇. Results The overall mortality and fatality rates of traffic injury were 10.17/100 000 and 1.36% respectively while the traffic injury morbidity in children of 0-17 yeas old was 7.40‰. Morbidity in males was 8.29‰ compared to 6.26‰ in females. Severe cases accounted for 1.79‰ of the total but those living in urban area appeared to be 0.93‰ compared to 1.88‰ in the rural area, with statistical significance. Pedestrian and cychsts related injuries accounted for 80.48% of all the injured children. The average medical cost per case was 1369.57 Yuan with an average of 3.63 days of hospitalization. The average days of missing school/working was 8.79. Conclusion The morbidity and mortality among male children were higher than those among female children. The morbidity of severe traffic injury cases in children living in rural area was higher than that of children living in urban area. The disease burden of traffic injury in Jiangxi province was heavy and the development of relative intervention strategy seemed urgent in Jiangxi province.