纳米银粉的制备及其在内墙抗菌涂料中的应用

PREPARATION OF NANO-Ag POWDER AND IT'S USE FOR ANTIBIOTIC DOPE

本文在有机相中以水合肼为还原剂制备了平均粒径为20～50nm的单分散银粉，再进一步制得含有纳米银粉的内墙抗菌涂料。文中着重研究了还原荆的用量、反应温度以及溶液浓度等对分散液中银粒子粒径的影响。结果表明：较大的水合肼用量，反应温度适当增加，快速加入还原剂以及合适的反应物浓度均有利于产品粒度的细化；对0．1mol／L的硝酸银溶液，在60℃及搅拌下快速加入3倍于理论量的还原剂，可制得50nm以下的银粉。有机相中的保护剂可阻止银粉的团聚和长大。经灭菌率测试，含有0．02％（质量分数）纳米银粉的内墙涂料能够有效地起到抗菌效果，在1h内的灭菌率能够达到91．90%。

The preparation of nano-Ag powder 20-50 nm in diameter and antibiotic dope was studied. The nano-size Ag powder was prepared by polymer-protected colloidal dispersion with silver nitride as raw material,hydrazine hydrate as reduction reagent and polyvinyl pirrolidone（PVP）as protective solvent. The optimal conditions of preparation were studied experimentally. The influence Of main factors, such as Ag^＋ concentration, ratio of hydrazine/ AgNO3 ,reduction time and temperature on parameters of nano-silver powder,including the particle size, shape,aggregation condition and size distribution etc,was investigated by transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The results show that the size Ag particles prepared by this process was is less than 50 nm,and polyvinyl pirrolidone could reduce the growing tendency of Ag particles. Meanwhile,the antibiotic dope with nano-Ag particles were prepared by the wetting agent, dispersant and defoamer, etc. The antibiotic effects of the dope with or without nano-Ag particle were tested with, coli bacillus as bacteria. The experiment results show that the dope with 0.02% nano-Ag was effective with an antibiotic rate of up to 90% in one hour as well.