干旱区灌溉水价与农户采用节水灌溉技术之间的博弈分析

Game Analysis between Irrigation Water Price and Water Saving Irrigation Technology by Farmers in Drought Oasis

为了探讨干旱区农业灌溉水价与农户采用节水灌溉技术之间的关系,建立了政府与农户博弈模型,对模型进行了分析,得出政府只有采用提高灌溉水价政策,政府与农户之间的博弈才能够达到非合作均衡,并得到一个博弈对策完美的纳什均衡解。利用建立的模型计算出2004-2006年玛纳斯河流域农户种植棉花愿意采用先进节水灌溉技术的灌溉水价分别应该大于或等于0.169元/m^3、0.162元/m^3、0.203元/m^3,而实际2004-2006年该灌区平均农户终端水价远未达到农户采用先进节水灌溉技术要求的灌溉水价,因此农户采用节水灌溉技术积极性不高。因此,在干旱区政府采用提高灌溉水价政策,能有效激励农户采用节水灌溉技术。

Game theoretical model between government and farmers has been established in this paper, for analysising the relation between agricultural irrigation water price and water saving irrigation technology by farmers. After analysing the model, it turns out that only the government takes policy of raising the price of irrigation water,the game playing between government and farmers could achieve both non-cooperative solution and Nash equilibrium solution with a perfect game. By the stimulation of the model, it shows that the farmers are willing to adopt the irrigation water prices based on advanced water saving irrigation technology when planting cotton in Manasi watershed during the years 2004 and 2006, which were greater than or equal to 0. 169 yuan per cubic meter,0. 162 yuan per cubic meter and 0.203 yuan per cubic meter separately. However, the terminal water price of average farmer in this irrigation area was far under demanded price, so farmers＇ enthusiasm for water saving irrigation technology was low. So the government adopts the policy of raising the price of irrigation water, it can stimulate the farmers to take water saving irrigation technology.