华南三地红树林土壤微生物及其与土壤化学性质的相关性研究

Research on Soil Microbe and the Relativity between Microbe and Soil Chemical Factor of Mangrove Forest in South China

研究了广东深圳、福建龙海和海南海口3个地点红树林土壤微生物数量与土壤主要化学性质的关系,及其解磷菌在红树植物根际的分布状况。结果表明:3个地点的土壤微生物数量均以细菌类群占绝对优势,其次是放线菌和丝状真菌;深圳红树林土壤微生物总数、细菌、放线菌和丝状真菌数量在3个地点中最高,其中丝状真菌数量与其余两地差异显著(P<0.05);微生物总数、细菌数与土壤全N、全P呈极显著正相关(P<0.01),真菌数与全P呈显著正相关(P<0.05);多元统计分析结果表明,影响土壤微生物总数与细菌数量最主要的因子是全N,影响放线菌与真菌数量最主要的因子是全P;从根际不同部位筛选出31株解磷菌株,细菌占多数;三地红树林解磷菌在根际的分布均以土壤中含量最多。

The relation between microbial amount of mangrove soil and main soil chemical factors, and the distributing of phosphate-solubilizing microbe from mangrove rhizosphere in Shenzhen, Longhai and Haikou were studied. The results indicated that the amount of soil bacteria accounted for the majority of the total amount of soil microbes,while the amounts of soil actinomyces and filamentous fungi were in the minority. The total quantity of microbes, bacteria, actinomyces and filamentous fungi from Shenzhen mangrove soil were more than that on the other two places, while the quantity of filamentous fungi were greater than that on the other two places （P 〈 0.05）. The total microbe and the quantity of bacteria showed an extremly remarkable positive correlation with soil total nitrogen and total phosphorus （P 〈 0.01 ）, and the quantity of fungi was also remarkable positive correlated with soil total phosphorus （P 〈 0.05 ）. The multiple regression analysis indicated that total nitrogen played an important role of the quantity of total microbe and bacteria, and the total phosphorus played an important role of the quantity of actinomyces and fungi. 31 phosphate-solubilizing microbe were selected from different part of mangrove rhizophere, in which bacteria were in the majority. The quantity of phosphate-solubilizing microbe in soil was more than that of the other two parts of mangrove rhizosohere.