浙江海宁鼠尾山露采废弃矿山植被修复的群落结构和持水效应研究

Community Structure and Water-holding Effects of Restoring Vegetation on Opencast-abandoned Quarry in Shuwei Mountain in Haining,Zhejiang Province

采用客土喷播、植生袋围堰造坑植树和基质型容器苗种植等技术对浙江海宁鼠尾山露采废弃矿山进行植被修复,3 a后形成乔木盖度31%、灌木盖度52%、草本盖度59%的森林植物群落,物种多样性较丰富,与周边山体自然植被的相似度为0.127 6。地上部分灌木和草本的生物干质量为657.16 g.m-2,地下部分生物干质量为254.82 g.m-2,枯落物干质量148.82 g.m-2。地上灌草植被和枯落物及土壤三者合计的蓄持水量为15.5 kg.m-2,。研究结果为矿山生态环境治理的生态效益评价提供了基础数据和科学依据。

Using the technique of spray sowing with artificial soil, tree planting in cofferdam-made pits made by planting bags and planting with base material container seedlings, the vegetation restoration was carried out on opencast-abandoned quarry in Shuwei Mountain in Haining, Zhejiang Province. After 3 years, the forest community formed with a coverage of 31%, 52% and 59% for arbor layer, shrub layer and grass layer respectively. The biodiversity was high, with the similarity to the neighborhood vegetation being 0. 127 6. The biomass （ dry weight） for shrub and grass aboveground was 657.16 g· m^-2, and that for under ground 254.82 g·m^-2 . The biomass （dry weight） of litterfall was 148.82 g· m^-2. The total water-holding capacity of undergrowth, litterfall and soil was 15, 5 kg·m^ -2. This study can be a reference to evaluate the ecological benefit of ecological environment treatment for mine.