北京市场淡水鱼中七氯和环氧七氯含量及分布

Contents and Distributions of Heptachlor and Heptachlor Epoxide in Freshwater Fishes from Beijing Market

测定了北京市场上4种淡水鱼(草鱼、鲤鱼、鲫鱼和鳙鱼)的不同器官或组织(鱼脑、鱼泡、肝脏和肌肉)中w(七氯)和w(环氧七氯),分析了其分布特征及人体暴露健康风险.结果表明:①w(七氯)平均值为(0.09±0.14)ng/g,范围为nd^0.82ng/g;w(环氧七氯)平均值为(0.02±0.02)ng/g,范围为nd^0.14 ng/g,比国内外相关文献的研究结果的量级低.②不同鱼种间w(七氯)和w(环氧七氯)均无显著差异;不同器官或组织间,鱼泡中w(七氯)显著高于鱼脑、肝脏和肌肉,w(环氧七氯)在四者间无显著差异.③经对数变换,w(七氯)和w(环氧七氯)与脂含量有一定的相关性.④鱼体中w(七氯)远低于联合国粮食与农业组织、世界卫生组织(1993)规定的浓度要求,食用时存在较小的健康风险.

Four freshwater fish species including grass carp （ Ctenopharyngodon idellus ） , common carp （ Cyprinus carpio ）, cmcian carp （Carassius auratus ） and bighead carp （Aristichthys nobilis ） were taken from Beijing market for the analysis of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide in brain, vesicle, lives and muscle. Based on the contents of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide in fish samples, the distribution characters and potential risk to human health were analyzed. The results show that the contents of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide in fish samples range from nd to 0.82 ng/g（wet wt. ） and nd to 0.14 ng/g（wet wt. ）, respectively, and that the mean concentrations are （0.09 ±0.14） ng/g（wet wt.） and （0.02 ±0.02） ng/g（wet wt.）, respectively, which are much lower than those presented in literatures. The concentration of heptachlor in vesicle is higher than those in other issue/organs, while difference of heptachlor epoxide contents among issue/ organs is not detected. There is also no difference among four fish species. Significant logarithm correlations are observed between the contents of heptachlor and heptachlor epoxide and the lipid content. The heptachlor concentrations in issue/organs are found to be lower than the FAO/ WHO recommended permissible limit for human consumption.