68例先天性支气管肺囊肿的临床特点及误诊分析

Clinical features and misdiagnosis analysis of congenital bronchogenic cysts

目的探讨先天性支气管肺囊肿的临床特点和误诊原因。方法回顾分析1989年9月至2006年9月我院术前误诊68例先天性支气管肺囊肿的临床资料。结果68例中男41例，女27例，平均年龄36．4岁。术前误诊为浸润性肺结核31例，肺结核球5例，支气管扩张13例，肺脓肿10例，肺癌5例，巨型肺大泡3例，气胸1例。误诊时间最短者2月，最长者30年，平均误诊时间4．2年。所有病例均手术治疗，无死亡及并发症发生。结论先天性支气管肺囊肿临床表现多种多样，易误诊为呼吸系统的其他疾病。除了详细的病史外，X线检查结果在该病的明确诊断中占主导地位，CT检查对囊内容物和囊壁的组织结构分析方面具有优越性，是同其他疾病相鉴别的关键。

Objective To detect clinical features of congenital bronchogenic cysts and the reason of misdiagnosis. Methods Retrospective analysis of 68 cases clinically diagnosed of congenital bronchogenic cysts in our hospital from September 1989 to September 2006. Results Of 68 cases,41 male, 27 female, aged 8 - 72 years, with an average age of 36.4 years. Preoperative 31 cases misdiagnosed as invasive tuberculosis, 5 cases as tuberculosis ball, 13 cases as bronchiectasis, 10 cases as lung abscess, 5 cases as lung cancer, 3 cases as giant lung bullae and one as pneumothorax, shortest time of misdiagnosis was two months and the longest was 30 years, the average time of misdiagnosis was 4.2 years. All cases were treated without surgical mortality and complication. Conclusion The clinical features of congenital bronchogenic cysts are various, which is more likely to be misdiagnosed as the other respiratory diseases. X - ray and CT plays a leading role in the diagnosis of the disease besides the detailed history and enhancement awareness of the unique features of the disease.