心理弹性(Resilience)研究的回顾与展望

The Research on Resilience:Its Evolution and Direction

二三十年来,心理弹性(resilience)发展现象受到研究界日益广泛的关注并开展了大量研究,这动摇了研究界长期笃信的压力/逆境对人的发展的功能影响的传统认识,促使人们从多重结果的角度审视压力/逆境之于心理发展的作用,并以积极的视角看待压力/逆境中人的发展。本文首先探讨了resilience的中文译法,接下来对心理弹性研究的缘起、沿革、成果方面进行了梳理与回顾,总结了该领域研究当前面临的重要问题,尝试对心理弹性研究何去何从予以前瞻性探析。

The recent two or three decades have witnessed an increasing focus on the phenomenon of resilient development in human beings, great efforts being made in this scientific domain, which challenges the firm concept about the relationship between severe stresses/adversities and individual developraent. With the effects of stresses/adversities on mental development reconidered, positive views on the development of people who have experienced or are experiencing a high-risk environment are introduced. The authors tentatively make clear the Chinese translation of resilience, give a general review on the origin, evolution, advance of research on resilience, and discuss the obstacles that the domain is facing and finally, predict the future research of resilience.