算术模块的行为与神经机制研究

The Study of Arithmetic Module in the Fields of Behavior and Neural Mechanism

近年来,算术模块的研究主要在行为和神经机制领域展开。种族进化史研究表明,动物具备算术能力,它们运用数量感来表征可数与不可数的数量,并以此为基础进行加法、减法、乘法和除法运算。个体发生学研究表明,婴儿也具备算术能力。神经科学的研究发现,动物和人的脑中有算术加工的区域和回路,在基本的数字表征和操作加工过程中,大脑双侧的顶内沟(HIPS)发挥着核心作用。以上各方面的研究证据支持算术模块观。

Recently, the study of arithmetic module has been done in the fields of behavior and neural mechanism. The study of phylogeny indicates that non-human animals possess arithmetic module. It means they can represent countable and uncountable quantity with mental magnitude. They can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. The study of ontogeny indicates that infants possess arithmetic module. Neural science finds that there exist special areas and circuits for arithmetic reasoning, the horizontal segment of intraparietal sulcus （HIPS）plays a central role in basic quantity representation and manipulation. These data support the module view of arithmetic ability.