检测PSCA和Oct-4蛋白在乳腺癌早期诊断的临床意义

Clinical Significance of Expression of Prostate Stem Cell Antigen and Oct-4 Proteins in Early Diagnosis of Breast Cancer

目的研究前列腺干细胞抗原(PSCA)和Oct-4蛋白在乳腺良性增生性疾病和乳腺癌组织中的表达及临床意义。方法利用免疫组织化学技术检测乳腺浸润性导管癌、纤维囊性乳腺病和导管内乳头状瘤组织中PSCA和Oct-4蛋白的表达。结果PSCA和Oct-4蛋白阳性信号主要位于细胞质和细胞膜;乳腺浸润性导管癌和纤维囊性乳腺病组织中PSCA和Oct-4蛋白的阳性率和阳性表达强度明显高于导管内乳头状瘤;2种蛋白在乳腺浸润性导管癌和纤维囊性乳腺病组织中的阳性率和阳性表达强度未见明显差异;PSCA和Oct-4蛋白的阳性表达强度与乳腺浸润性导管癌的组织学分级无关。结论高表达PSCA和Oct-4蛋白的细胞可能是"癌干细胞",可能主要参与乳腺癌的发生,检测乳腺良性增生性病变中PSCA和/或Oct-4蛋白的表达水平对预防和早期发现乳腺癌可能有较重要临床价值。

Objective To study the expression of prostate stem cell antigen（PSCA） and Oct - 4 proteins and their clinical significance in breast benign hyperplasia and breast cancer. Method Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of PSCA and Oct- 4 proteins in breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma, fibroadenosis and intraductal papilloma. Resuits The positive signal of PSCA and Oct- 4 proteins was mainly located in cytoplasm and cytomembrane. The positive rate and expression strength of PSCA and Oct - 4 proteins in breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma and fibroadenosis were higher than those in intraductal papilloma. The positive rate and expression strength of PSCA and Oct - 4 proteins in breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma were similar to those in fibroadenosis. The expression strength of PSCA and Oct- 4 proteins was not related to pathological grading of breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma. Conclusions The cells expressing significantly PSCA and Oct - 4 proteins may be a cancer stem cell, which may mainly participate genesis of breast cancer. The detection of expres- sion levels of PSCA and/or Oct- 4 in breast benign hyperplasia might have clinical value for early-stage finding and prevention of breast cancer.