不同钙肥对红富士苹果光合作用及营养元素互作效应研究

Research on Photosynthesis of the Red Fuji Apple by Different Calcium Fertilizers and Interactive Effects of Nutrient Elements

为探明钙肥对红富士苹果光合作用及各营养元素之间的相互关系,以盛果期的矮化红富士为材料,在幼果期及果实膨大期喷不同种类的钙肥:翠康钙宝、钙宝2000、氨基酸钙、基因钙。结果表明:①钙肥可明显提高叶片的光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度,降低胞间二氧化碳浓度;不同钙肥间,钙宝2000光合作用最强,其次为基因钙和氨基酸钙。②钙肥能提高各营养元素的含量,但易与各营养元素形成促进和拮抗的双重关系,即Ca促进了B、K的吸收,但与N、P、Zn、Fe发生拮抗,而对Mn的作用不明显。③试验中,以幼果期和膨大期均喷钙的效果最好,而不同钙肥间,基因钙和氨基酸钙的效果最好。

There is a study on the change of photosynthesis active effects of nutrient elements. Took dwarfed red Fuji the different calcium fertilizations, which are the Gaibao of the red Fuji apple by different calcium fertilizers and inter- apple in the full fruit as the material, spraying continuously 2000, the amino acid calcium, the gene calcium, Greenkang Gaibao, on the apple when the time after the flower and the fruit expanding. The result indicated that spraying various calcium fertilizations could enhance the photosynthetic rate, the transpiration rate, the nutritive elements content in leaves and fruits. Under synthetic influence of those calcium fertilization, Gaibao 2000 was the best to enhance the photosynthetic rate, next was the gene calcium and the Amino acid calcium. Spraying calcium fertilizations cause content nutritive elements constant arise but these culcium had a mutual relation which restricts and promotes mutually various elements. That was to say, these calcium promote the absorption of B and K, but restrict the absorption of the among of N, P,Zn,Fe, and the influence on Mnwas not obvious During the study, the best effects appear when spraying calcium after the flower and the fruit expanding. Among the different calcium fertilizations, Gene calcium and Amino acid calcium had the best effect.