抗体释放试验与新生儿高胆红素血症发生率关系探讨

Study of the relationship between antibody release test and the morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns

目的探讨抗体释放试验不同的检验结果与新生儿高胆红素血症发生率的关系。方法按检验操作规程，对1013例母／子血型O／A（B）组合的新生儿脐血进行溶血性疾病血型血清学检验，按检验结果分组调查其出生7d内高胆红素血症的发生率。结果（1）抗体释放试验阳性患儿高胆红素血症发生率显著高于对照组的新生儿（P〈0．01）。（2）在抗体释放试验阳性结果中，红细胞凝集程度不同的三组患儿高胆红素血症发生率差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。（3）抗体释放试验阳性患儿是否存在IgG抗-A＋B的两组患儿高胆红素血症发生率差异无显著性（P〉0．05）；是否存在游离抗体的两组患儿高胆红素血症发生率差异有显著性（P〈0．01）。结论抗体释放试验不同的检验结果对判断新生儿能否发生高胆红素血症有一定的临床意义。

Objective To study the relationship between antibody-released test and the morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. Methods According to the laboratory rules, serological tests were practised with neonatal umbilical blood of 1 013 A or B blood-type neonates delivered by O-type blood mothers. The morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia were grouping studied in 7 days after birth to the neonates according to test results. Results （1） The morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia neonates with positive antibody release test results was much higher than that of control group （P 〈 0.01 ）. （2） Of the antibody release test positive results, there were significant differences among the three groups in which the degree of red cell agglutination were different （P〈 0.01）. （3） Of the antibody-released test positive results, there was no significant difference in the morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia between the neonates sensitized by the anti-A ＋ B IgG and those not sensitized by the anti-A＋ B IgG （P 〉0.05）. There had significant difference in the morbidity of hyperbilirubinemia between the neonates with free antibody and those without free antibody （ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusion The different results of antibody release ttest play some role in the clinical judgement whether hyperbilirubinemia of newborns will occur.