我国6县农村5岁以下儿童生长发育公平性分析

Analysis on the equity in physical development of the rural children under 5 years old in 6 counties of China

【目的】研究我国6个县农村地区5岁以下儿童生长发育公平性状况及其程度。【方法】利用2007年联合国儿童基金会中国办事处在中国开展"儿童发展行动项目妇幼卫生子项目"的6个县的基线调查资料,采用2006年WHO新的儿童生长发育标准,计算生长迟缓、低体重、消瘦和营养不良的患病率,利用集中曲线和集中指数定量分析调查地区5岁以下儿童体格发育公平程度。【结果】家庭收入水平越低儿童营养不良性疾病的患病率越高,尤以低体重患病的不公平程度最高。【结论】调查地区5岁以下儿童体格发育存在不公平性。为降低不公平程度,应把减少慢性营养不良和提高低收入家庭的经济状况视作为主要的考虑因素。

[Objective] To describe the degree of equity in physical development of the rural children under 5 years old in 6 counties of China. [Methods] According to the new standard on children physical development of WHO in 2006, the data of the baseline survey in 6 counties of ＂ The Local Action for Rural Children Project （LARC）-Maternal and Child Health＂ was used to calculate the prevalence of stunting, underweight, wasting and malnutrition. Then the degree of equity in physical development of the rural children under 5 years old was quantitatively analyzed with concentration curve and concentration index. [Result] The lower income families had higher prevalence of children malnutrition, especially for underweight. [Conclusions] There is inequity in physical development of children under 5 years old in project counties. To decrease the degree of the inequity, the prevalence of chronic malnutrition should be reduced and the incomes of low-income families should be raised.