早期母乳喂养对极低出生体重儿IgA水平和感染状况的影响

Effects of early breastfeeding on IgA level and infection in very low birth weight infants

【目的】研究早期纯母乳喂养对极低出生体重儿IgA水平和感染状况的影响。【方法】将71例极低出生体重儿随机分为纯母乳早期喂养组36例,早产儿配方乳早期喂养组35例,观察两组患儿生后24 h内和第7 d的IgA水平与两组患儿住院4周内发生感染指征的例数和抗生素使用天数,并进行比较。【结果】生后24 h IgA水平两组无差异性,生后第7 d IgA水平母乳喂养组显著高于配方乳组。母乳喂养组第7 d IgA水平高于生后24 h内,配方乳组生后24 h内和第7 d IgA水平无差异性。母乳喂养组住院4周内感染指征发生率显著低于配方乳组,母乳喂养组抗生素使用天数短于配方乳组。【结论】早期纯母乳喂养可提高极低出生体重儿IgA水平,具有良好的抗病能力。

[Objective] To investigate the effect of full early breastfeeding on IgA level and infection situation in very low birth weight infants（VLBWI）. [Methods] 71 VLBWI were randomly allocated to a full breastfed group （n=36） and a group fed with premature formula milk （n = 35）. The following data was observed and compared between both groups： their IgA levels within 24 hours after birth and on the 7th day after birth, their incidence of infection indication dur ing the 4-week hospitalization and the days of antibiotics application. [Results] There was no significant difference in IgA level at 24 hours after birth, while on the 7th day the IgA level was significantly higher in the breastfed group than in the formula milk group. The IgA level of breastfed group was higher on the 7th day than at 24 hours after birth, while in the formula milk group the figure showed no difference. The incidence of infection indication during the 4 weeks hospitalization was remarkably lower in the breastfed group than in the formula milk group. Days of antibiotics application in breastfed group was also shorter than in formula milk group. [Conclusion] Early breastfeeding can improve the IgA level of very low birth weight infants.