艾略特的“宗教诗歌”观念与当代中国诗歌

Eliot's Idea of "Religious Poetry" and Chinese Contemporary Poetry

艾略特认为,文学的伟大性不能单单用文学标准来衡量,只有把宗教精神与宗教感受力也包括在内才能使它完满;有些宗教诗歌被人视为"次要诗歌",其原因在于创作者不是以宗教精神和宗教感受力来处理复杂的现实经验,而是在简单分享宗教题材;决定一种诗人伟大与否的要素不在于宗教信仰、时代精神、哲学思想这些"材料"和"媒介",而在于他"把人类的行动转化成为诗歌"的能力。当代中国诗坛已有越来越多的涉及宗教内容的优秀诗歌,但我们不能以"次要诗歌"的偏见视之。正如艾略特认为文学批评应该由具有明确的伦理和神学立场的批评来完善,当代中国诗歌世俗化倾向亦需要"神学立场"来挽救。

T. S. Eliot believes that the ＂greatness＂ of literature cannot be determined solely by literary standards though we must remember that whether it is literature or not can be determined only by literary standards; that literary writings will be complete only if they are created in a religious spirit and a religious sensibility;that some ＂religious poetry＂ are treated as ＂minor poetry＂ because their authors did not deal with the complicate experience of the reality in a religious spirit and a religious sensibility but simply share the religious subject matter ;whether a poet is great or not is not depend on some ＂material＂ and ＂media＂ （ such as his religion belief , his perception of the spirit of the Age and philosophy thinking） , but on his ability to transform human actions into poetry. There are more and more remarkable ＇ religious poetry ＇ coming up in Chinese contemporary poetic circles, which cannot be treated as ＂minor poetry＂. Chinese contemporary poetry need ＂theological standpoint＂ to rescue its secularization, as Eliot has said, ＂literary criticism shall be completed by criticism from definite ethical and theological standpoint. ＂