养老保险“便携性损失”与农民工养老保障制度研究

Portability Loss and Institutional Innovations of Social Pension Insurance for the Second Generation of Migrant Workers

文章基于养老保险"便携性损失"视角对中国农民工养老保险参保率低的原因进行了分析。结果表明,最低缴费年限限制、保险关系很难转移、缴费年限与养老金统筹金无法接续所形成的养老保险"便携性损失",构成了农民工参加养老保险的主要障碍,严重损害了养老保障制度的公平性。文章认为,提高农民工的养老保障水平,减少农民工所面临的养老保险"便携性损失",关键是适当降低最低缴费年限并设法促成既有养老保险关系及缴费年限的衔接,建立起全国统筹的可转移、可持续的养老保障制度。

This paper analyzes the causes of low rates of migrant workers’ social pension insurance in China in a perspective of portability loss.The result indicates that portability losses caused by the lack of limited payment time,difficulty of insurance transfer,and disconnection between payment time and the pooled pension are main barriers deterring migrant workers from access to social pension insurance.This seriously undermines the equity of the pension system.The research finds that the key for raising the participation rate of peasant workers’ social pension insurance and reducing the portability loss is to reduce the limited payment time and connect pension systems among different localities.Finally,the paper provides some countermeasures to construct a transferable and sustainable institutional arrangement for migrant workers’ social pension.