东北低山丘陵区小流域生态经济系统优化模式研究——以黑牛河流域为例

Study on the Optimize Pattern of the Ecological Economical System of Small Watershed at Low Hill Area in Northeast——Taking Heiniu River Watershed as Example

东北低山丘陵区是东北商品粮基地的重要组成部分,对于国家的粮食安全及可持续发展具有重要的作用和意义。在分析当地生态经济现状及特征的基础上,运用系统工程和运筹学原理和方法,建立了该区小流域生态经济系统的主体——土地利用结构优化模式,同时开展了环境整治措施优化配置及系统优化调控,形成了"山上青松戴帽,山间果树缠腰,山下坝塘固脚,塘内蓄水养鱼,坝外开田种稻"的生态模式;同时,开展畜牧业生产和农业初级产品深加工,并利用剩余劳动力发展第二、三产业,形成了以农业为主,兼顾畜牧业、农产品深加工和第二、三产业的经济模式,二者结合构成了该区流域系统的生态经济结构模式,为同类地区生态环境治理提供了依据和实体模型。

Low hill area is the important part of marketable grain base in northeast,which is also important for state＇s grain safety and sustainable development.On the basis of analyzing properties and present situation of local ecological economy,the study establish the optimal pattern of land use structure with the application of system engineering and operational research in this area.And according to renovating for local environment and optimal systematically control,the ecological pattern was formed： pine on the top of mountain,fruit tree in mountainside,pool in the foot of mountain,fish in the pool and paddy in the field.At the same time,development of livestock husbandry＇s production and agricultural primary products＇ further process,development of second and third industry using surplus labor jointly form the economical pattern： mainly relying on agriculture,considering livestock husbandry＇s production and second and third industry meanwhile.Their combination consists of the pattern of ecological economical structure in this area,and offer the basis and model for other same-kind area.