浮选技术在金属分离／富集及分析中应用研究进展

Advances in research of floatation technology in the application of metal separation/enrichment and analysis

浮选技术适于从稀水溶液中富集痕量金属离子，且可用光谱分析法直接分析。本文综述了1996～2007年浮选技术在金属分离／富集及分析中应用研究进展，对浮选的分类（离子浮选、沉淀浮选、溶剂浮选）和机理做以简单的概述，介绍了捕集剂浓度、溶液pH值、离子强度、气体流速等因素对浮选效率的影响，从捕集剂选择、pH值、浮选剂或表面活性剂的选择及回收率等方面对浮选技术在金属分离／富集及分析中的应用进行总结，并指出浮选技术存在的问题和发展方向。

Flotation technology was suitable for the enrichment of trace metal ions from dilute aqueous solution, which could be directly analyzed by spectrophotometric methods. The advances in research of floatation technology in the application of metal separation/enrichment and analysis in domestic and foreign during 1996-2007 were reviewed. The floatation classification, liking ion flotation, deposit flotation, solvent flotation and the mechanism were sumarized. The density of chelating agents, pH of solution, ionic strength, gas flow rate, which affect the flotation efficiency were introduced. The application of floatation technology in metal separation/enrichment and analysis was summarized from the multi-aspects including the selection of chelating agents,pH, choice of floatation,reagent or sufac- tants and recovery. Further, some questions existed in flotation technology and the development direction were pointed out.