婴儿共同注意能力的发展

THE DEVELOPMENT OF JOINT ATTENTION DURING INFANCY

本研究采用严格的实验室测验法，从年龄趋势、学习能力、性别差异三方面考察了8～11个月婴儿共同注意能力的发展。结果表明：1）婴儿的共同注意力在8～11个月间逐步提高，9个月左右出现显著的发展性变化，但1岁以前，该能力的发展水平都较低；2）就共同注意而言，婴儿具有从练习经验中学习的可能性，且学习能力存在年龄差异，8个月的婴儿基本不能从练习中受益，而8个月以上的其他三组婴儿在练习后共同注意水平都有不同程度的提高；3）总体而言，女婴共同注意能力的发展水平显著地高于男婴。

The goal of the present study was to explore the developmental course of joint attention during infancy,the possibility of infants' improving their scores for joint attention tests. The developmental joint attention level of 92 infants aged 8 to 11-month-old was assessed by a standardized gaze paradigm. The results indicated: 1) From 8 to 11-month-old, the infants'joint attention kept growing. There was a significant change at the age of 9 months. Until 1-year-old,the infants were still at a low level of development of joint attention; 2) The infants could improve their scores for joint attention tests by practising. The degree of improvement was related to the infants' age.The infants at the age of 8 months hardly benefited from the practice, but the infants over 8-month-old could do better to some degree; 3) In general, the female infants outscored the male ones in joint attention tests.