藏族双语人双语态度的调查研究

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE BILINGUAL TIBETANS’ATTITUDETOWARD THEIR NATIVE LANGUAGE AND CHINESE

以藏、汉杂居地区的藏族成年人为对象，运用问卷、访谈、观察等方法，研究双语人对母语、汉语以及不同交际情境中的语言选择和语码转换的态度。结果表明，双语人对母语的态度中情感因素起重要作用，有强烈的保持自己母语的愿望；双语人对汉语的态度更多地含有理性的或认知的成份，对学习汉语持积极的态度；双语人在家庭和本民族成员中主要使用母语，如果谈话者使用母语，而对方用汉语回答，或对方讲掺杂着汉语的混杂母语。

Questionnaires, interviews and observations were used to investigate bilingual Tibetan adults, attitude toward their native language and Chinese, their attitude toward the selection of Tibetan or Chinese in different communicative contexts, and their attitude toward the transformation of one language code into another The result of the investigation showed that most of the bilingual people have a deep feeling for their native language, and a strong inclination to keep their own language. The factor of feeling plays an important part in the attitude of the bilingual people toward their native language, while in the attitude toward Chinese language their is something more rational or cognitive than emotional. They show a positive attitude toward learing Chinese in order to master it. but when it comes to the viewpoint of replacing Tibetan with Chinese, their attitude turns to be negative, Bilingual people mainly use their own language in the family and among their own people. lf one Tibetan speaks in Tibetan,while the other responds in Chinese or in Tibetan mingled with Chinese, it is not welcome.