明清山东方言中的后缀“巴”

The Suffix "Ba(巴)" in Shandong Dialects of the Ming & Qing Dynasties

"巴"缀是明清山东方言文献中重要的后缀之一。在它所组成的附加式合成词中,动词在数量上比较多,其他各类词如名词、形容词比较少。"巴"缀词用法较多,语义色彩丰富,充分说明了附加式构词是汉语词汇由单音节向双音节和多音节发展的重要方式之一。

The suffix ＂Ba＂, one of the important suffixes in Shandong dialects, can be annexed to noun, verbal and adjective roots to form nouns, verbs and adjectives. The majority of the compound words thus formed are verbs, which are used in a variety of ways and are stylistically more colorful. Though nouns and adjectives formed with ＂Ba＂ are relatively fewer, they are used much more widely. This article presents a comprehensive description and detailed analysis of the usage of the suffix in the literature, which might enlighten future research on Shandong dialects in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and in the modern times as well.