综合认知训练对社区健康老人认知功能的影响

Efficacy of compositive cognitive training for community healthy elderly： a controlled trial

目的探索综合认知训练对社区健康老人认知功能的影响。方法对上海市某街道社区老人（年龄≥70岁），按照每50人一组进行筛查，共筛查347名。151名老人符合人组标准，按类随机方式分为认知训练干预组（90名）和非认知训练组（对照组，61名）。对干预组进行12周（共24次）的综合认知训练。干预前后采用中国老年成套神经心理测验（NTBE）、Stroop字色干扰测验中文版及自制健康问卷对两组进行测评。结果（1）干预前：干预组NTBE中听觉词汇学习1重复数、无关插入数及语义联系3项评分高于对照组（P〈0．05～0．01），其他测验两组间差异均无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（2）干预后组内比较：干预组NTBE18项、Stroop字色干扰测验6项自身有提高（P≤0．05～0．01）。对照组NTBE9项提高，1项下降；Stroop字色干扰测验1项自身有提高，2项下降（P≤0．05～0．01）。（3）干预后组间比较：干预组NTBE4项、Stroop字色干扰测验2项优于对照组（P≤0．05～0．01）。结论综合认知训练对社区健康老人执行功能、推理能力等认知功能有提高作用。

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of compositive cognitive training for community healthy elderly. Methods All 151 community healthy elderly with age range of 70 to 89 year old were selected from one sub-district of Putuo District, Shanghai, in which 90 ones were given cognitive intervention, and the other 61 were as controls. The interventions were conducted in small group settings in 24 sessions over 12 weeks. All individuals were assessed with the Neuropsychological Test Battery for Elderly （NTBE） and a questionnaire ＂Shanghai Health Survey for the Elderly （VER2006） ＂ at baseline and follow- up phase. Results （ 1 ） Except 3 sub-scales of NTBE, there were no significant differences between intervention group and control group in gender, age, education level and scores of neuropsychological test at baseline. （2） Some subscales of NTBE （17 subscales） and Stroop color-word tests （6 subscales） were significantly improved （6 subscales of NTBE, 2 subscales of Stroop color-word tests） after cognitive training in intervention group （P≤0. 05-0. 01 ）. Only a few subscales （8 subscales of NTBE, 1 subscale of Stroop color-word tests） improved significantly and some subscales （ 1 subscale of NTBE, 2 subscales of Stroop color-word tests） declined in control group （ P ≤ 0. 05-0. 01 ） . Conclusion The compositive cognitive training could improve the cognitive function in community healthy elderly.