超空泡航行器流体动力仿真分析

Simulation on Hydrodynamics of Supercavitation Vehicle

超空泡航行器在水下运动时,其大部分表面被超空泡包裹,构成了一种新的流体动力布局,运动模式完全不同于常规航行器,其受力状态也极其复杂,这种新的流体动力是非线性的。为了进一步分析超空泡流场中航行器的受力特性,需要对其流体动力进行线性化处理。本文描述了超空泡形态,讨论了影响超空泡变形的主要因素,对超空泡流场中航行器的滑行力和空化器升力做了分析和线性化处理。仿真结果表明,滑行力和空化器升力在一定范围内是线性的,利用经线性化的力可进一步分析航行器的运动特性。

The major partial surfaces of supercavitation vehicle are wrapped by the bubbles of supercavitation, which forms a new hydrodynamic distribution as the vehicle running in water. Therefore, the vehicle＇s motion mode is fully different from conventional one with complicated force state and nonlinear hydrodynamic force. To analyze the force characteristics of the vehicle, it is necessary to linearize the planing force and cavity lift. This paper describes the shape of cavity, discusses the major parameters affecting cavity shape, analyzes and linearizes the planing force and cavity lift. Simulation results show that the forces are linear within a certain scope. The motion characteristics of the vehicle can be analyzed further by using these linearized forces.