综合性医院躯体疾病伴发精神障碍临床调查

An Investigation on Comorbidity of Paired Body Disease with Mental Disorders in Genenal Hospital

目的旨在对综合医院各临床科住院病人躯体疾病同时伴发精神卫生问题的"共病现象"进行探索性研究。对住院的各类躯体疾病病人中的精神卫生问题、负性情绪、躯体疾病伴发精神障碍早发现、早诊断、早治疗。方法应用心理测量量表(SAS、SDS、综合情况调查表)在本院内科、外科、妇产、老年、慢性病等科室随机抽样278名不同性别、不同职业,年龄在18～73岁住院病人中进行调查与分析;同时在医院进行正常体检表不同年龄,不同职业、不同性别正常人群中随机抽样100名进行测量、分析并做对照研究。结果研究组:焦虑(SAS)检出率31%;抑郁(SDS)检出率23%,总的焦虑、抑郁负性情绪发生率为54%;对照组:SAS检出率14%;SDS检出率5%,总的焦虑、抑郁负性情绪发生率为19%。两组负性情绪总的检出率经秩和检验P<0.05～0.01,SAS、SDS各个年龄组均分经统计学分析显示P<0.01,两组存在显著性差异。结论综合医院住院病人的精神卫生问题明显高于正常人群。综合医院住院病人的精神卫生问题、负性情绪、躯体疾病同时伴发精神障碍的"共病现象"发生应引起特别关注。

Objective To explore comorbidity of body diseases and mental disorders. Methods 278 patients aged from 18- 73 in the clinical sections were sampled randomly as the study group, and 100 normal people as the compared group. SAS, SDS and self-made synthetical condition questionnaire were adopted as the measure instrument. Results The detecting rate of anxiety （SAS） was 31%, of depression（SDS） was 23%, of the general negative emotions of anxiety and depression was 54% in the study group. In the control group, the data were 14%, 5% and 19% respectively. The differences between the two groups reached the significant level. ConclusionThe occurrence of mental disorders of patients in the general hospital is higher than that of the normal people. The cornorbidity of the body disease and mental disorder should be paid much attention.