蒲公英中有效成分的提取工艺考察

Technique of extracting bioactive components in Dandelion

目的建立蒲公英中绿原酸、咖啡酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸和槲皮素等5种有效成分的提取方法和高效液相色谱测定方法。方法分别采用乙醇浸提、回流、索氏提取、微波萃取等方法提取蒲公英中的有效成分,考察了提取时间、溶剂浓度等因素的影响,优化了提取条件。选用Eclipse XDB-C18色谱柱(150 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),以甲醇-1%乙酸水溶液作为流动相进行梯度洗脱。柱温:30℃,流速:1.0 mL.min-1,分别在最大吸收波长下进行检测。结果最佳提取条件为:萃取功率500 W,萃取剂为40%乙醇,萃取时间60 s。5种有效成分均具有良好的线性关系,相关性系数均达到0.999 6以上,检测限分别为10、4、5、8和20μg.L-1(S/N=3)。结论该法提取时间短,效率高;测定方法灵敏、准确,重现性好。

Objective To develop a method for extraction and determination of bioactive components in Dandelion,such as chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, ferulic acid, and quercetin. Methods These bioactive components were exacted by 4 extraction methods （ethanol extraction, ethanol reflux, soxhlet extraction, and microwave extraction）, and the factors of extracting solvents and extracting time were considered. The separation was performed on an Eclipse XDB-C18 colunm （150 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm） with linear gradient elution composed of methanol and 1% acetate acid solution at 30 ℃, and detected at each maximum absorption wavelength using diode array detector. The flowrate was 1.0 mL·min^-1. Results The method had good repeatability and linearity , and all the correlation coefficients were bigger than 0. 999 6. Their detection limits were 10. 4, 5, 8 and 20 μg · L ^-1 （S/N=3）, respectively. The optimal microwave extraction conditions were as follows： microwave output power was 500 W, extracting solvent was 40% ethanol/water （v/v）, extracting time was 60 s. Conclusion The extraction method is efficient with short extraction time. The analytical method is sensitive, accurate and suitable for the determination of effective compounds in Dandelion.