氯硝柳胺泥敷灭螺研究报告

Snail control by using soil pasting mixed with niclosamide

目的评价氯硝柳胺泥敷灭螺的效果。方法在四川省各类血吸虫病流行区选择4个试点，实施氯硝柳胺泥敷灭螺，设立0g／m^2对照组和4g／m^2、6g／m^2、8g／m^2和10g／m^2药物剂量组，灭螺后7、15、30、90、180d观察钉螺死亡率、钉螺密度，比较泥敷灭螺和喷洒灭螺的费用。结果对照组泥敷30d后钉螺的死亡率在43．3％以上，4g／m^2组30d钉螺死亡率在75．3％～100．0％之间，4g／m^2组的钉螺死亡率显著高于0g／m^2。对照组（χ^2=31．27，P〈0．05）；各药物组之间的钉螺死亡率差异无统计学意义（χ^2=1．07，P〉0．05）。泥敷灭螺后钉螺密度下降率在90％以上，铲土泥敷钉螺死亡率高于取土泥敷30％左右。泥敷灭螺的费用是喷洒灭螺的5～7倍，达到相同的灭螺效果两法的最终费用相当或接近。结论氯硝柳胺泥敷灭螺法灭螺效果好，建议在现场灭螺中使用4～6g／m^2的剂量。

Objective To evaluate the effect of snail control through soil pasting mixed with niclosamide. Methods Four sites were selected in different epidemic areas in Sichuan province. Soil pasting mixed with niclosamide was carried on, and the dosage was 0 g/m^2, 4 g/m^2, 6 g/m^2, 8 g/m^2 and 10 g/m^2 respectively. The mortality rate of snail and the density of snail were observed after 7, 15, 30, 90 and 180 days. Results The mortality rate of snail was more than 43.3% in blank group after 30 days. The mortality rate of snail was from 75. 3% to 100.0% at 4 g/m^2 group after 30 days. The mortality rate of snail in 4 g/m^2 group was significantly higher than that in the blank group（χ^2 =31.27 ,P 〈0. 05）. There was no significant difference in the mortality rate of snail among all study groups （χ^2= 1.07, P 〉 0. 05 ）. The decrease rate of snail density was more than 90%. The mortality rate of snail was about 30% higher in Chantu group than Qutu group. The unit cost of Pasting-Mixing Drug with Soil was from 5 to 7 times of spray method, but the total cost was similar for the. two methods at the endpoint of the snail control. Conclusion The effect of soil pasting mixed with niclosamide is good, and the dosage of 4-6 g/m^2 is suggested in snail control.