葡萄不同倍性品种的杂种胚挽救及鉴定

Embryo Rescue and Identification of Hybrids Between Diploid Grape and Tetraploid Grape

以二倍体葡萄为母本，与四倍体葡萄杂交，杂种进行胚珠培养，获得三倍体植株。胚珠培养胚萌发率最高可达39．21％，成苗率最高可达35．32％。先用细胞倍性测定仪初选，再用卡宝品红染色法根尖计数染色体为57条。不同组合取样时期可确定为：早熟母本为花后40-50d内，中熟品种为50-60d，晚熟品种则为60-80d。

Diploid grape“Zizhengxiang”,“Muscat Hamburg” et al were crossed with tetraploid pollen parents“Delaware” , “Fenghou”et al. and the hybrid triploid plants were obtained by means of in vitro ovule culture. The highest rates of surviving embryos and regenerated plantlets were 39.21% and 35.32%, respectively. Root tip ceils of plantlets diploid tetra- ploid grapes had 57 chromosomes. The best ovule sampling time focused on 40-80 days after pollination according to female parents＇ different fruit ripe time.