设施栽培月季病虫害发生特点与控制技术

The Insect Pest Occurrence Characteristic of Rose indica and Its Controlling Technique in the Greenhouse

对贵阳市设施栽培月季的病虫害发生情况进行了系统调查、大田普查和田间试验,结果表明:生产中发生的主要病虫害有白粉病、霜霉病、灰霉病、根癌病、螨类和蚜虫,可周年发生危害。受温湿度的综合影响,白粉病在3-5月和9-11月出现两个发生高峰,霜霉病在3-4月和9-11月出现两个发生高峰,灰霉病在1-2月发生较重,螨类的发生高峰在4-5月和9-10月,蚜虫的发生高峰在3-4月和7-10月。不同月季品种对主要病虫害表现明显的田间抗性差异,以卡罗拉、俏佳人、雪山等8个品种综合抗性较好。防治上应以栽培措施、田园清洁、温湿度调控、水肥管理为基础,强化药剂熏蒸,选择对路农药实施科学的化学防治。

The results from systematically investigating the insect pest occurrence situation of Rose indica planted in the greenhouse in Guiyang city show that the main insect pests are powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold, root knot, spider mite and aphid throughout the year. The occurrence peak of powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold, spider mite and aphid is from March to May and from September to November, from March to April and from September to November, from January to February, from Apil to May,and from September to October, and from March to April and from July to October respectively because of temperature and humidity in the greenhouse. 8 Rose indica varieties of 20 tested varieties are of the better comprehensive resistance. The controlling technique should use fumigating system and correct pesticides based on cultivation measures, control of temperature and humidity, and water and fertilizer management.