现代汉语把字句习得的个案研究

A case study of acquisition of ba construction in Mandarin

儿童早期句法发展一直是国际儿童语言习得研究的一个重要领域。早期句法的发展机制也一直是语言学、心理语言学关注的焦点。本研究试图通过分析一个汉语儿童两岁半以前把字句的自然语料,揭示汉语儿童早期把字句的特点和规律,同时回应早期句法习得的一个核心问题:早期句法发展是基于规则还是基于使用?研究发现该儿童两岁左右已经开始对把字结构的句法、语义特征敏感,而基于使用的句法发展理论则很难解释汉语把字句的发展。

Early child syntax has long been an important area in the study of child language.Linguists and psycholinguists have been interested in what drives early syntactic development.The present study explores the acquisition of the ba construction by looking at naturalistic data from a Mandarin-speaking child,obtained in weekly to bi-weekly audio-and video-taped sessions from 1;4;19 to 2;5;22.It attempts to(1)understand the properties of the ba construction in early language development,and(2)address a core issue in the field of early syntactic development,that is,whether early syntactic development is item-based.The findings show that the two-year-old child is already sensitive to syntactic and semantic properties of the ba construction,and that the development of the ba construction cannot be fully explained by a usage-based account.