父母和同伴因素对青少年饮酒行为的影响

The Effect of Parental and Peer Factors on Adolescent Drinking Behavior

环境是影响青少年饮酒行为的重要因素之一。本研究以南京市初一、初二、高一、高二共995个中学生为被试,考察父母和同伴因素对青少年饮酒行为的影响以及相对影响力。要求青少年自我报告他们自己、父母和同伴的饮酒行为和态度以及父母监控、父母教养方式情况。结果表明:(1)青少年的饮酒行为较为普遍,70%左右的青少年曾饮过啤酒或葡萄酒,25%左右的青少年曾饮过白酒。约10%的青少年经常饮啤酒和葡萄酒,2%的青少年经常饮白酒;(2)父/母饮酒行为和态度、父母监控、父母教养方式、同伴饮酒人数和态度与青少年的饮酒行为显著相关;(3)Amos结果表明,父母饮酒行为和态度对青少年饮酒行为有直接的预测作用,父母饮酒行为和态度还通过同伴饮酒人数和态度间接地预测青少年的饮酒行为。同时,父母饮酒行为和态度对青少年饮酒行为的影响力大于同伴饮酒行为和态度的影响力。

A sample of 995 7^th ,8^th, 10^th, and 11^th graders was recruited in the study to explore the relative influence of parental and peer factors on adolescent drinking behavior. An anonymous survey was conducted and the subjects were asked to report their drinking behaviors, parental and peer＇ s drinking behaviors and drinking attitudes, parental monitoring and parenting style. The results showed： （1） drinking behavior was prevalent among adolescent, with 70% of adolescent having ever used beer and wine and 25% ever used hard liquor. Moreover, 10% reported having often used beer and wine and 2% often used hard liquor; （2） a significant correlation was found between parental drinking behavior and attitude, parental monitoring, parenting style, the number of peer drinking, peer attitude and adolescent drinking behavior;, （3） parental drinking behavior and attitude could directly and indirectly predict adolescent alcohol use. Moreover, parental drinking behavior and attitude was more important in predicting adolescent alcohol use than peer＇ s drinking behavior and attitude.