有机锌盐橡胶硫化促进剂作用机理研究进展

Research Progress in Action Mechanism of Zinc Accelerator Complexes on Rubber Vulcanization

介绍了2-巯基苯并噻唑锌、烷基二硫代氨基甲酸锌、黃原酸锌和烷基二硫代磷酸锌对天然橡胶硫化的作用机理。促进剂的催化活性主要源自促进剂与硫磺等形成高硫化活性的交联先驱体。硫化过程中,多硫交联键形成后,至少存在交联、脱硫和降解3种竞争反应,这些竞争反应的程度与促进剂种类和用量有关。促进剂的催化活性不仅影响交联键的形成而且影响交联键的脱硫和降解。促进剂活性越大,硫化速度越快,但交联键脱硫和降解也越快,硫化返原越快。

This paper reviewes the research progress in the action mechanism of accelerators on rubber vulcanization, which include zinc mercaptobenzothiazolate, zinc dimethyldithio-carbamate, zinc ethyl xanthate and zinc O, Or- dibutyldithiophosphate. The zinc accelerator complexes derive their catalytic activity from their ability to incorporate sulfur atoms in the zinc-ligand bond. After formation of polysulfides, there are at least three reactions of cross-link, desulfuration and decomposition which are related to accelerators. Their catalytic activity effects not only the formation of cross-links but also desulfuration of polysulfides and decomposition of cross-link. The stronger the ionization of accelerator is, the more rapid the vulcanization is, and the more rapid the reversion is.