中原牡丹不同品种花期与其其他生物学性状的关系研究

Study on the Relations between Flower Stages of Peony Cultivar Population with Different Cultivars in Central Plains and Their Other Biological Characters

[目的]汇集和研究牡丹种质资源,研究牡丹花期与其其他生物学性状的关系。[方法]采用比较法分析收集到的牡丹品种的生态适应性。采用数量分类法进行品种分类。[结果]从种质资源圃的818个牡丹品种中鉴定出576个,其中早花品种58个,中花品种400个,晚花品种118个。早、中、晚品种的花色均以红色系、紫红色系为主。早花品种的花型以荷花型、菊花型、蔷薇型居多,株型以半开张型为主,叶型分布较均匀,多数生长势较强;中花品种的花型以皇冠型、绣球型居多,株型以半开张、直立型为主,叶型以中形长、圆叶型为主,生长势以中等为主;晚花品种的花型以皇冠型、绣球型为主,株型以半开张型为主,叶型以中形长叶型较多,生长势有弱化的趋势。[结论]解决了"同物异名,同名异物"的现象,明确了牡丹不同品种花期与花色、花型、花态、株型、叶型、生长势的关系。

[Objective] The purpose was to collect and study the germplasm resources of peony and study the relations between their flower stage and their other biological characters.[Method] The ecological adaptabilities of collected peony cultivars were analyzed by comparison.The cultivar classification was conducted by numerical taxonomic method.[Result] 576 cultivars including 58 early-flowering cultivars,400 middle-flowering cultivars and 118 late-flowering cultivars were identified from 818 peony cultivars in germplasm nursery.The chief flower color of the 3 kinds of early-middle-late cultivars was red and purplish red mostly.Most flowers of early-flowering cultivars were lotus,chrysanthemum and climbing rose types,their chief plant type was half-opening type,their distribution of leaf types was more uniform and the growth potential of their majority was stronger.Most flowers of middle-flowering cultivars were crown and hydrangea types,their chief plant type was half-opening and erect type,their chief leaf types were moderately long and round types and the growth potential of their majority was moderate.The chief flower types of late-flowering cultivars were crown and hydrangea types,their chief plant type was half-opening type,their moderately long leaves were relatively more and their growth potential had weakening tendency.[Conclusion] The study solved the phenomenon of ＂the same object has different names and the same name means different objects＂ and confirmed the relation between flower stages of different peony cultivars and their flower color, flower types,flower states,plant types,leaf types and growth potential.