稻茬油菜免耕覆盖土壤温度效应研究

Study on Influence of No-tillage Mulch in Rice Stubble Rape Field on Soil Temperature

[目的]为稻茬油菜免耕技术的推广提供理论。[方法]通过测定免耕覆盖和常规翻耕模式下不同季节、不同土层的土壤温度,研究稻茬油菜免耕覆盖土壤温度效应。[结果]晚秋季节,免耕土壤温度较常规翻耕土壤高,且免耕土壤温度变化比较缓慢,而常规翻耕土壤温度变化较剧烈。免耕有助于减缓土壤温度的急剧降低,利于油菜"秋发"。早春季节,免耕土壤温度较翻耕土壤低,且土壤升温慢,而常规翻耕土壤温度的变化幅度大于免耕模式。早春季节免耕覆盖土壤温度较低,对油菜生长发育有一定的影响。[结论]不同时节免耕覆盖模式对土壤温度的影响不同,在稻茬油菜实际生产中应针对季节变化而采用适用的栽培措施。

[Objective] The aim was to provide the theory for the popularization of no-tillage technology of rice stubble rape.[Method] The influence of no-tillage mulch in rice stubble rape field on soil temperature was studied by detecting the soil temperature of different soil layer in different season under the no-tillage mulch model and the conventional plowing model.[Result] The temperature of no-tillage soil was higher than that of the conventional plowing soil in the late autumn and the temperature of no-tillage soil changed slowly,while the temperature of the conventional plowing soil changed greatly.The no-tillage was helpful to slow down the sharp decrease of the soil temperature and it was beneficial for the rape growth in autumn.The temperature of no-tillage soil was slower than that of the plowing soil in the early spring and the temperature of no-tillage soil was increased slowly,while the change range of the conventional plowing soil temperature was larger than that of the no-tillage model.The temperature of the no-tillage mulch soil in the early spring was low,which had a certain effect on the growth and development of the rape.[Conclusion] The influence of no-tillage mulch model in different seasons on the soil temperature was different.It should apply suitable cultivation measures according to the season change in the practical production of rice stubble rape.