换位棋问题规则的表征与解题正确率间关系的研究

A STUDY OF THE RELATION BETWEEN THE PROBLEM RULE REPRESENTATION INCHANGING POSITION CHESS AND CORRECTNESS RATE OF PROBLEM SOLVING

本研究通过对被试求解换位棋过程的记录与分析，重点研究了问题表征在换位棋求解过程中的作用。实验结果表明：（1）正确表征问题规则是解题的必要前提.对问题规则信息的误解和遗漏，是影响解题正确率的重要因素。其中对非隐含问题规则的错误表征也占全部错误表征的很大比率。（2）“关键结构”的发现是解决换位棋的必要条件，对问题规则的错误表征影响“关键结构”的发现.（3）前置问题的解决经验对目标问题的正确表征无显著的影响作用。

The present study focused on the role of problem representation in the problem solving process in changing position chess. The recording experimental results showed that: 1) A correct representation of the information and misunderstanding of information could be an important factor which negatively affected the rate of correctness. In fact, the incorrect representation of unequivocal problem rules takes up a large part in the wrong representations. 2) To find a key structure is a necessary condition for correct solution, and wrong representations of problem rules have negative effect in finding the key structure. 3) There is no obvious experience transfering effect on target problems in our experimental conditions.