新品种常棉1号生物学特性的研究

Study on Biology Characteristic of New Cotton Variety Changmian No.1

[目的]更好地发挥常棉1号的增产潜能,为其大面积栽培提供理论基础。[方法]以湘杂棉8号为对照,研究棉花新品种常棉1号根、茎、叶的生长特性及其分枝情况、现蕾特性、开花习性、结铃特性、吐絮情况、产量和抗性。[结果]常棉1号全生育期150d左右,根系为直根系,株高适中,110cm左右,叶呈掌状,中等大小,叶色深绿;株型塔型,分枝较多,果枝18～19盘;现蕾、开花、结铃、吐絮时间较早,蕾多、花量大、结铃性强,棉绒较长,棉纤维品质较好,有效铃占总铃数的86%,产量高于对照;抗病虫能力较强,在华中地区有较强的适应能力。[结论]常棉1号为中熟型高产品种,适宜在华中棉区推广。

[Objective] The study aimed to play the potential of increasing yield of Changmian No. 1 better and provide the theoretical foundation for its cultivation in great area.[Method] Xiangzamian 8 was used as CK to study the growth characteristic in the root,stem and leaf of Changmian No. 1 and its other biology characteristic such as branching,flower bud,flowering,boll setting,opening boll,yield and resistance.[Result] Changmian No. 1 had the growth period of about 150 d.Its root was axial root and its plant height was middle,about 110 cm.Its leaf was metacarpal shape,middle in size and dark green in color.It had plant type of pagoda shape,more branches and the fruit branches of 18～19.The time for appearing flower bud,flowering,setting boll,opening boll were earlier,with more flower bud,great flowering number and strong boll setting.It had longer lint and better cotton fibre,with the effective bolls being 86% of total bolls.Its yield was higher than CK.It had stronger resistance to diseases and pests and showed stronger adaptability to the area of central China. [Conclusion] Changmian No. 1 is a middle maturity high-yield variety suitable to be popularized in the area of central China.