秦岭大熊猫主食竹氨基酸含量的测定及营养评价

Determination and Nutritional Evaluation of Amino Acids in Staple Food Bamboo for Giant Panda in Qinling Mountains

[目的]进一步了解秦岭大熊猫的营养需要。[方法]采用氨基酸自动分析仪测定秦岭山系中的巴山木竹、秦岭箭竹和龙头竹3种大熊猫主食竹中氨基酸的组成与含量,并对其进行营养评价。[结果]结果表明,样品经酸水解处理,含有17种氨基酸,营养丰富,包含大熊猫必需的8种氨基酸。竹样中谷氨酸含量最高,其次为天冬氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、缬氨酸、丙氨酸、赖氨酸、甘氨酸、脯氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸、精氨酸和丝氨酸,半胱氨酸含量最低。竹叶中除半胱氨酸含量低于竹杆外,其余所有氨基酸含量都显著高于竹杆。氨基酸配比合理,高于WHO/FAO提出的参考蛋白质标准,可以为秦岭大熊猫日常生理活动提供质量较好的蛋白来源。[结论]该研究为秦岭大熊猫食物资源的保护和可持续发展提供科学依据。

[Objective] The aim of study was to further know nutrition need of Qinling panda.[Method] The composition and contents of amino acids in three kinds of staple food bamboo （Bashania fargesii,Fargesia qinlingensis and F.dracocephala） for giant panda in Qinling Mountains were determined by the automatic amino acid analyzer and their nutrition were evaluated together.[Result]The results showed that samples were hydrolyzed with acid into 17 kinds of amino acids including 8 kinds of essential amino acids.For all samples,Glu content was highest,followed by Asp、Leu、Phe、Val、Ala、Lys、Gly、Pro、Thr、Ile、Arg and Ser,Cys content was the lowest.Except the content of Cys in bamboo leaves was lower than that in stem,contents of other amino acids in bamboo leaves were significant higher than those of in bamboo stem.The proportions of amino acids were higher than the WHO / FAO standard.In this way,these bamboos could provide protein source in good quality for daily life of giant panda in Qinling Mountains.[Conclusion]This study will provide scientific basis for food resources protection and sustainable development of giant panda in Qinling Mountains.