三七总皂苷的乙醇超声法提取工艺及急性毒性研究

Study on the Extraction Process of Total Saponins from Panax notognseng by Ethanol Ultrasonic Method and its Acute Toxicity

[目的]优化三七总皂苷的乙醇超声法提取工艺。[方法]选取乙醇浓度、料液比、提取温度3个因素进行正交试验,优化三七总皂苷的乙醇超声法提取工艺,并研究提取产品的急性毒性。[结果]各因素对三七总皂苷提取率的影响由大到小依次为:提取温度>乙醇浓度>料液比,最佳提取工艺为:12倍液的50%乙醇浸泡三七粉末12h后,40℃下超声提取50min后过滤,滤渣再次提取,合并滤液;滤液经减压干燥、除杂、浓缩后得精制三七总皂苷粉末,其最大耐受剂量(MTD)大于20.0g/kg体重,属无毒级。[结论]与传统方法相比,乙醇超声波法提取三七总皂苷节省溶剂,降低能耗,提高效率,所得产品为无毒产品。

[Objective] The study aimed to optimized the extraction process of total saponins from Panax notognseng.[Method] The orthogonal test with 3 factors of ethanol concn.,solid-liquid ratio and extracting temperature was conducted to optimize the extraction process of total saponins from P.notognseng by ethanol ultrasonic method and study the acute toxicity of the extracted product.[Result] The effect of each factor on the yield of total saponins from P.notognseng in order was extracting temperature〉ethanol concn.〉ratio of solid and liquid.The optimum extracting process was as follows：the powder of P.notoginseng was dipped in 50% ethanol solution diluted at 12 times for 12 h and extracted with ultrasonic at 40 ℃ for 50 minutes;after being filtrated the filter residue was extracted again;the two filtrates were combined and refined into the powder of total saponins from P.notognseng after decompression drying,impurity removal and concentration,which had MTD〉20.0 g/kg BW and belonged to non-toxic class.[Conclusion] Compared with the traditional extracting method,the ethanol ultrasonic method for extracting total saponins from P.notognseng could save solvent,decrease energy consumption and increase extracting efficiency and the extract was a non-toxic product.