不同有机肥处理对土壤及芹菜中重金属残留的影响

The Influence of Different Organic Fertilizer on the Heavy Metal Residual in the Soil and Celery

[目的]为控制重金属在土壤和西芹的污染提供理论依据。[方法]以美国西芹为试材,设不同肥料(对照、普通有机肥、沼渣、精制有机肥)和不同施用量(精制有机肥高、中、低)处理,测定了土壤和芹菜中的重金属含量。[结果]沼渣对土壤中重金属的影响最低,精制有机肥影响最大。土壤中主要受影响的元素为Cd和Zn。土壤中Cd均因施用有机肥而有所增加,并且随施肥量的增加而显著增加。重金属在西芹各部位含量高低表现为:根>叶>茎。但Zn的分布与其他重金属不同,表现为叶>根>茎。西芹对重金属的富集比率顺序为Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb>Cr。[结论]施用有机肥改变了土壤重金属污染的含量,Cd和Zn的变化较大。

[Objective] The study was to provide a theoretical base to control the pollution of heavy metal in soil and celery. [Method] With American celery as tested material, the treatments of different fertilizers （CK, normal organic fertilizer, pond dregs, refining organic fertilizer） and different application rate （refining organic fertilizer with high, middle and low dosage） were set up to measure the heavy metal content in soil and celery. [Result] The influence of biogas residues on heavy metal in soil was lowest and that of refining organic fertilizer was highest. The elements （Cd and Zn） in soil were influenced mainly. The content of Cd in soil was increased with the application of organic fertilizer and raised obviously with the application rate inclement of organic fertilizer. The content of heavy metal in different part of celery in order was root 〉 leaf 〉 stem. But the distribution of Zn was different from that of other heavy metal, showing as leaf 〉 root 〉 stalk. Enriching rate of celery to each heavy metal element in order was Cd〉Zn〉Cu〉Pb〉Cr. [Conclusion] The application of organic fertilizer changed the content of heavy metal in soil and the content of Cd and Zn changed greatly.