癌症化疗引起口腔黏膜炎的相关因素分析及护理对策

Analysis of the Relative Factors of Oral Mucositis by Cancer Chemotherapy

目的探讨癌症化疗引起口腔黏膜炎的危险因素,为实施相应的护理对策提供科学依据。方法选择153例癌症化疗患者为研究对象,发生口腔黏膜炎51例,采用单因素及Logistic回归模型多因素进行分析。结果口腔黏膜炎发生率为33.33%,以颊、舌及牙龈等部位发生率高,本研究显示影响化疗患者口腔黏膜炎的危险因素有口腔PH值、白细胞计数、预防性漱口、及化疗方案内含5-FU/MTX药物等,并提出了相应的护理对策。结论在排除药物因素外,PH值异常、白细胞计数越低,口腔黏膜炎发生率越高,预防性漱口越及时、口腔护理越到位,口腔黏膜炎发生率越低。

Objective To explore the risk factors of the oral mucositis induced by cancer chemotherapy and provide scientific data for the implenmentation of the appropriate nursing. Methods 153 cases of cancer chemotherapy were divided into experiment group （51 cases） and control group （102 cases） according to the oral mucositis, and then analysed with the single factor and logistic regression. Results The incidence of the oral mucositis was 33. 33%. The check tongue and gums had higher incidence. The study showed that the risk factors including the oral PH, white blood cell count, prophylactic gargle and some chemotherapy drugs such as 5--Fu/MTX. Conclusion There was positive correlation among abnormality of PH and the reduction of the white blood cell count and the high incidence of the oral mucositis. Earlier preventive mouthwash and oral nursing could reduce the incidence of oral mucositis.