医学生自测亚健康状态及其影响因素

The Study on Self-rated Sub-health Status of Medical Students

目的了解医学生自测亚健康状态及其主要影响因素。方法采取随机分层整群抽样方法,选择878名医学生应用自测健康评定量表(SRHMSV1.0)进行亚健康状态的调查,并对其性别、年级、专业、每天学习总时间、每天上网时间及每月生活费等主要影响因素进行分析。结果医学生总体健康好的比例为21.2%,总体亚健康发生率为54.9%,其中生理亚健康发生率为49.3%,心理亚健康发生率为28.6%,社会亚健康发生率为39.2%。女生生理、心理、社会亚健康发生率显著高于男生。每天上网时间不同等级的医学生总体亚健康发生率存在统计学意义(χ2=15.544,P=0.001)。不同年级、专业及每天上网时间的医学生总体健康状况构成存在统计学意义(P=0.000,P=0.005,P=0.000)。不同年级、专业医学生总体健康差及亚健康的比例存在统计学意义(P=0.000,P=0.005),以大二年级学生和临床医学专业学生所占比例最高。结论亚健康状态在医学生中已经普遍存在,性别、年级、专业及每天上网时间是影响医学生身心健康的主要因素,应有针对性地进行干预。

Objective To understand the self-rated sub-health status among medical students and its main relative influencing factors. Methods By random stratified and cluster sampling, 878 medical students were selected to investigate sub-health status using Self-rated Health Measurement Scale-the Revised Version 1.0 （SRHMS V1.0） and analyzed the related main influencing factors including gender, grade and specialty in college, daily study time, daily online time and cost of living per month. Results The results showed that the proportion of total good-health status among medical students was 21.2%. The prevalent rate of total sub-health status was 54.9%. The prevalent rates of physical, mental and social sub-health status were 49.3%, 28.6% and 39.2%, respectively; and theses rates in female students was significantly higher than those in male students. The prevalent rate of total sub-health status was significant difference with levels of daily online time （X^2=15.544, P=0.001）. The composition of total health status was significant difference with levels of grades, specialty and daily online time （P=0.000, P=0.005, P=0.000）. The proportion of total bad-health and sub-health status was significant difference with levels of grades and specialty, and grade two students and clinical students took the highest proportion. Conclusions The prevalent rate of sub-health status among medical students was generally existent, and mental and physical health among medical students was mainly affected by gender, grade, specialty and daily online time. We should take proper intervention and adjustment to promote medical students＇ health.