二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵的反相乳液共聚合

Inverse Emulsion Copolymerization of DMDAAC Monomer

用反相乳液聚合的方法合成的水溶性阳离子型聚合物—二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵（ＤＭＤＡＡＣ）和丙烯酰胺（ＡＭ）的共聚物。该聚合体系以煤油为分散介质，以Ｓｐａｎ－８０和ＯＰ－１０为乳化剂，以过硫酸钠和亚硫酸钠为引发剂。在油相／水相（Ｖ／Ｖ）为３０／７０、水相单体浓度为６０％、ＤＭＤＡＡＣ∶ＡＭ为１∶１、乳化剂用量为６％、引发剂用量为０．２％、聚合温度为３０℃的条件下聚合１２小时，聚合物的特性粘数达２．５６ｄｌ／ｇ。该反相乳液聚合用水溶性引发剂，其聚合机理与典型乳液聚合不完全相似，在乳化剂用量较少时，聚合物的分子量随乳化剂用量增加而增大，当乳化剂用量增加到一定程度后，聚合物的分子量随乳化剂用量无明显变化。

DMDAAC  AM [poly(Dimethyl Diallyl Ammonium Chloride)] was prepared by means of inverse emulsion polymerization technique. The reaction uses kerosene as bulk - phase, Span-80 and OP-10 as emulsifier, persulfate/sulfite as initiator. During copolymerization the 0.2% initiator based on the amount of total monomer weight is used and so does 6% of emulsifier based on the total volume of reactive system, and the ratio of oil-phase, aqueous- phase is 30/70 , and the concentration of the monomer (DMDAAC/AM was 1/1) is 60% in the aqueous- phase. The mechanism of the inverse emulsion polymerization is not completely similar to typical emulsion polymerization because water-soluble initiators are used. The molecular weight of the polymers increases as emulsifier increases when the emulsifier is lower but does not increase as emulsifier increases when the emulsifier is more. 