用三维地震信息研究碳酸盐岩裂缝性油气藏

A RESEARCH ON FRACTURED CARBONATE OIL AND GAS RESERVOIRS BY USE OF 3 D SEISMIC DATA

碳酸盐岩裂缝性油气藏是我国，特别是四川盆地的一种重要的油气藏类型。对这类油气藏的勘探与开发，目前在世界上尚无十分有效的方法。三维地震，包括三维三分量地震、重复三维地震即四维地震，由于建立了三维空间数据体，测网密度大，地下网格单元小，可以充分利用数据体的多种信息，如地震纵波，横波，快横波，慢横波及纵、横波速度等来描述裂缝的空间分布及含油、气、水情况，研究裂缝性油气藏，圈定含油气裂缝发育带的空间位置，甚至识别出死油气区（层），进而为制定合理的开发方案提供依据。采用该方法可降低勘探风险。

Fractured carbonate oil and gas reservoir is an important category of oil and gas reservoirs in China (especially in Sichuan Basin).For exploring and developing such kind of reservoirs,there is no any fairly effective methods at present in the world.Owing to setting up 3_D space data volume,large survey grid density and small underground grid cell,in light of 3_D seismic survey including 3_D three component seismic survey and repeated 3_D seismic survey,i.e. 4_D seismic survey,it is possible to fully use the multiple information of the data volume,such as longitudinal wave,transverse wave,fast transverse wave,slow transverse wave,longitudinal wave velocity and transverse wave velocity,etc.,to describe the spacial distribution of the fractures and their oil and gas and water bearing situation,to investigate the fractured oil and gas reservoir,and to delimit the spacial position of the oil and gas bearing fracture zone,even to recognize the retained oil and gas area (layer),thus providing a basis for making up a reasonable development plan. The exploration risk will be reduced by use of such a method.