左心室在增龄过程中的形态变化及其相关因素分析

Morphologic changes and their influential factors of left ventricle in the course of aging

目的:探讨左心室结构在增龄过程中的变化特点及其潜在的相关因素。方法:106例男性患者。其中,年龄40～50岁的患者41例作为对照组,年龄60～70岁的患者65例作为老年组。比较两组患者的超声心动图结果;对心脏超声指标与各种潜在的危险因素进行相关性分析。结果:(1)与对照组相比较,老年组的平均收缩压、室间隔厚度(IVS)、左室后壁厚度(LVPW)、左室质量指数(LVMI)均有显著意义的增加(P<0.05)。同时,老年组IVS/LVPW值亦较对照组有明显增加(1.18±1.33、1.05±1.32,P<0.05)。(2)相关性分析显示,IVS、LVPW、左室舒张末内径(LVDd)、LVMI等与患者的年龄有相关性(r值分别为0.231、0.232、-0.283和0.315,P<0.05或P<0.01)。IVS与收缩压(SBP)、低密度高脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)正相关(r值分别为0.246、0.215,均P<0.05);LVPW与SBP正相关(r值为0.249,P<0.05)。LVMI与BMI、SBP、舒张压(DBP)有相关性(r值分别为0.218、0.247、0.235,P均<0.05)。结论:在增龄过程中,左心室室壁逐渐增厚,尤其室间隔的厚度增加更为显著。室壁增厚既与年龄有关,也与SBP等因素有关。

Objective To investigate the changes and their influential factors of left ventricle（LV） in the course of aging. Methods One bunderd and six male patients were divided into 2 groups, 41 cases aged 40-50 were assigned to control group, and 65 cases aged 60-70 as aged group. The morphological characters of LV in the two groups are examined by echocardiography, The relationship between morphological changes and probable correlated factors were analyzed, Results （ 1 ） The average systolic blood pressure in aged group was significantly higher than that in control group [ （ 150.8 ± 23.7） mmHg vs. （138.3 ± 28.7） mmHg,P〈 0.05], The interventricular septal thickness （IVS）, posterior left ventricular wall thickness （LVPW）, left ventricular mass index （LVMI） and IVS/LVPW were markedly higher in aged group than those in control group （P 〈 0,05）, （2） IVS, LVPW, LVDd, LVMI were correlated with age （r=0,231, 0,232, -0.283, 0.315, respectively, P 〈 0,05 or P 〈 0,01 ）, IVS was positively correlated with SBP, LDL-C （r=0,246, 0,215, respectively, P 〈 0.05）. LVPW was positively correlated with SBP （r=0,249, P 〈 0.05 ）. LVMI was correlated with BMI, SBP, DBP （r=0.218, 0.247, 0,235, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion The wall of left ventricle, especially the interventricular septum thickens gradually and obviously in the course of aging. The incrassation of ventricular wall related to age and SBP.