和田地区主要地表类型风蚀研究

Study on Soil Wind Erosion of the Main Earth's Surface in Hetian District

为了解沙尘暴多发区和田地区主要地表类型的土壤风蚀量情况,利用集沙仪进行了中、小尺度条件下的沙尘暴实地测定,结果表明:在中尺度下,主要地表类型沙漠、过渡带和绿洲土壤输沙量、降尘量具有显著性差异,并与覆盖度存在明显的相关性。在小尺度下观测的结果表明,不同地表类型输沙量也存在显著差异,相同高度下平均覆盖度82%的农田输沙量不足沙漠输沙量的10%,沙漠观测点下风口输沙量比上风口增长2.39%,弃耕地下风口输沙量比上风口增长7.90%,而覆盖农田下风口输沙量比上风口减少2.24%,说明提高植被覆盖对减少当地土壤风蚀的重要性。

In order to study the quantity of the soil wind erosion of the main earth＇s surface in Hetian district,an on-the-spot experiment was set up in Hetian with middle,small scales. The test indicated some conclusion as follows：Under the middle scale test, the quantity of sand transport and desendent of the desert,the intermediate zone and oasis had significant differences and had an obvious relationship with vegetation coverage. Under the small scale test, the quantity of sand transport of the different earth＇ surface had significant differences,the quantity of sand transport of the farm land with 82% average vegetation coverage was less than 10% of the desert sand transport quantity. In the windward and leeward test,the leeward sand transport quantity increased 2.39% than the windward＇in farm land 7.90% in abandoned farm land and reduced 2.24 in farm land,the test results indicated the importance of increasing vegetation coverage to alleviate soil wind erosion in hotan.