不同品种枳实中总生物碱与挥发油含量的比较研究

Comparision of the Content of Total Alkaloids and Aetherolea in Different Species of Aurantii Fructus Immaturus

目的:比较不同产地、不同品种的枳实中总生物碱与挥发油含量差异。方法:枳实中粉用甲醇提取,提取液蒸干,加水溶解,过聚酰胺柱,用水洗脱,定容至25 mL,取出5.0 mL,加0.2 mol/L NaOH5.0 mL,定容至10 mL,于292 nm处测定样品吸光度A值,按回归方程计算总生物碱的百分含量;以《中国药典》法测定挥发油含量。结果:湘枳实中总生物碱和挥发油含量最高,分别为0.86%与1.02%;赣枳实(0.82%、0.96%)与绿衣枳实(0.84%、0.98%)稍低一点,但3者无明显差异;苏枳实次之(0.75%、0.83%),甜橙枳实最低(0.41%、0.57%)。结论:该方法简便、快速、稳定、重复性好、回收率高,枳实作药用以湘枳实、赣枳实和绿衣枳实为佳。

Objective： To compare the difference of total alkaloids and aetherolea in different species and producing area of aurantii fructus immaturus. Methods： the power of aurantii fruetus immaturus were extracted by methanol, evaporating extract to dryness, dissolving with adding water, passing polyamide column, eluting by water, metered volume to 25 mL, taking out of 5 mL from it, adding 5.0 mL NaOH（0.2 mol/L）, metered volume to 10 mL, after that, the absorbance A of samples were determined at 292 nm, the total alkaloids were calculated by regression equation, the contents of aetherolea were determined with the method of Chinese Pharmacopeia. Results： the total alkaloids and aetherolea were the highest in aurantii fruetus immaturus of Hunan province, achieving to 0.86% and 1.02% respectively, the contents were lower in that of Jiangxi province（0.82%,0.96%） and green aurantii fructus immaturus（0.84% ,0.98% ）, but the difference has no statistical significance among three species. The contents of that in Su aurantii fructus immaturus was 0.75% to 0.83%,The contents of that were tile lowest in cirtus sinensis aurantii fructus immaturus （0.41%, 0.57%）. Conclusion： The method is simple, reliable and reproducible, the aurantii fructus immaturus of Hunan and Jiangxi province, green aurantii fruetus immaturus have better effect as the drugs.