血小板输注无效患者的血小板抗体检测

Platelet antibody detection of PTR patients

目的分析临床血小板输注无效的主要原因,并寻找解决的方法。方法应用酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA),对213例临床发生血小板输注无效(PTR)的病人进行血小板抗体检测和鉴定。结果血小板抗体阳性71例(33.33%),其中人类白细胞抗原(human leucocyte antigen,HLA)抗体阳性65例(30.51%);血小板特异性抗原即人类血小板抗原(human platelet antigen,HPA)抗体阳性2例(0.94%);HLA和HPA抗体并存4例(1.88%)。结论HLA抗体是导致PTR的主要免疫因素。对患者进行"适合性血小板输注",可逆转血小板输注无效状态,提高血小板输注的安全性和疗效。

[Objective] To analyze the reason of Platelet Transfusion Refractoriness （PTR） and search the solution. [Method] The platelet antibody in 213 cases of PTR patients were detected and identified by using ELISA. [Results] 71 （33.33%） cases were platelet antibody positive, including 65 （30.51%） cases of Human Leukocyte Antigen （HLA） antibody positive. 2 （0.94%） cases of Human Platelet Antigen （HPA） antibody positive, and 4 （1.88%） cases with both HLA antibody and HPA antibody. [Conclusion] HLA antibody is the main immune factor causing PTR. Safety and effectiveness of platelet transfusion can be improved by a kind of compatible platelet transfusion.