场域、惯习、资本与贬己尊人准则

Field,Habitus,Capital and Self-denigration Maxim

1992年顾曰国指出了最富有中国文化特色的贬已尊人准则。顾曰国认为礼貌应该是规范性的。然而这种社会规范,当它处在不同的语境或不同的动态交际中,会产生相应的变异。法国著名社会语言学家布迪厄的实践观为我们理解这一现象提供了一个新的视角——贬已尊人准则的实践观。从布迪厄思想体系的三个基本概念(场域、惯习、资本)入手,对顾曰国的贬已尊人准则进行阐述和分析,认为虽然贬已尊人准则有其长期存在的可能,但作为一种社会实践,在各种社会因素的作用下会产生一定的变化。

In 1992, Gu Yueguo has concluded that Self-denigration Maxim is the Chinese culture-specific maxim. He regarded politeness as norms, but as norms, it would correspond to different context and dynamic communications. French sociolinguist Bourdieu has presented us with a new angle, a practice approach, to understand this language phenomenon. The author analyzes the Self-denigration Maxim from the viewpoints of Bourdieu＇ s three core concepts：capital, habitus, and field, This analysis shows that the maxim will exist for a long time in the future as a Chinese culture-specific politeness phenomenon, but it will change somewhat as a social practice.