坡面水蚀过程中地表糙度的研究进展

Advance in the Research on Surface Roughness during Water Erosion of Slope

地表糙度作为反映地表微地貌形态和物理性状的指标,影响着地表的水文学和水力学的特性。同时,它还与降雨、地表凹陷处蓄水量、下渗、风等关系十分密切。然而,关于地表糙度在侵蚀过程中详细的定量信息极其有限,故在研究中出现一些相悖的结果。因此,在大量分析国内外地表糙度研究的基础上,从地表糙度的概念、地表糙度的特征及其在溅蚀、面蚀与细沟侵蚀过程中的研究方面出发,客观地评价了该领域研究状况,提出了该领域研究存在的问题和展望。

As one of the major indexes to reflect surface micro-relief and physical characteristic, surface roughness has important effect on the hydrological and hydraulic characteristic. It also has close relation with rainfall, water storage in depressed surface, infiltration, wind, etc. However, some conflicting results are obtained because the quantitative information about the surface roughness during the erosion process is lacking. On the basis of the analysis of the studies on roughness, the situation of research on roughness is reviewed from the aspects of the definition, characteristic, raindrop erosion, sheet erosion and rill erosion. Problems and trends of research in the field are put forward in the end.