从污水处理厂活性污泥中分离选育微生物絮凝剂的研究

On the selection and culturing of microbial flocculant from the active slude of sewage disposal plant

采用倒平板与接种培养方法从污水处理厂活性污泥中分离得到了具有活性的7株微生物菌株,根据絮凝效果对其进行了选育与筛选,得到了3株对城市生活污水和啤酒厂生产废水有较好处理效果的微生物絮凝剂。结果表明,从污水处理厂污泥分离出来的3株活性菌均为革兰氏阳性细菌,其中球形、菌落特征呈不规则边缘特征的MBF-1活性最强;微生物生长曲线显示出其生长最佳时间约为30h。单独使用MBF-1微生物菌株所产生的微生物絮凝剂对所选3种污水的絮凝率分别为99.3%、88.7%、92.1%,其对COD的处理效率分别为90.8%、88.2%和87.9%;3种絮凝微生物在污水处理中的处理效果上相互间无协同作用,絮凝过程是相对独立的。

This paper intends to present our work of separating and culturing the active microbes from the active sludge in the sewage disposal plant. When we selected and separated them, we managed to activate them by using a proper experimental method and then cultivated them in view of coagulation efficiency as a result of series of experiments. Among the seven microbial flocculants, we have chosen three among the most efficient ones through a complicated selecting process. What is more, the above said microbial flocculants were able to be put into application for treating the urban living sewage and that for producing beer. Our research indicates that all the three microbial fungi separated from the active sludge were gram-positive. The activity of the flocculants rifled as MBF-1 is the strongest among the three gained by purifying and culturing in the tests. At the same time, MBF-1 proves to possess features of ball-shape and irregular edge distribution. Thus, the results indicate that the best growing time of these flocculants was about 30 h from the growth curve of microbial flocculants. The average flocculent ratio proves to range from 70% to 90% when the single microbial fungi were employed in the study. The flocculent ratio to the three flocculants with the use of MBF-1 separately worked out as 99.3%, 88.7% and 92.1%, respectively. At the same time, the degrading ratio of COD is in correspondence with 90.8%, 88.2% and 87.9%, respectively. The function processing of the three microbial flocculants suggests that the reaction of the above mentioned flocculants to sewage processing turns to be independent when they help to dispose the sewage from the different plants. Namely, there was no cooperation in the treating sewage process of the three microbial flocculants.